The American Meteor Society has received reports of a bright fireball meteor being seen over upstate New York, slighlt after 6.05 pm local time (slightly after 11.05 GMT) on Monday 4 January 2021 . The meteor passed from east to west, disappearing somewhere to the south of Richmondville. A fireball is defined as a meteor (shooting star) brighter than the planet Venus. These are typically caused by pieces of rock burning up in the atmosphere, but may be the result of man-made space-junk burning up on re-entry.
Heat map of the northearn United States and neighbouring areas of Canada
showing areas where sightings of the meteor were reported (warmer colours indicate more sightings), and the
apparent path of the object (blue arrow). American Meteor Society.
Objects
of this size probably enter the Earth's atmosphere several times a
year, though unless they do so over populated areas they are unlikely to
be noticed. They are officially described as fireballs if they produce a
light brighter than the planet Venus. The brightness of a meteor is caused by friction with
the Earth's atmosphere, which is typically far greater than that caused
by simple falling, due to the initial trajectory of the object. Such
objects typically eventually explode in an airburst called by the
friction, causing them to vanish as an luminous object. However this is
not the end of the story as such explosions result in the production of a
number of smaller objects, which fall to the ground under the influence
of gravity (which does not cause the luminescence associated with
friction-induced heating).
These 'dark objects' do not continue along the path
of the original bolide, but neither do they fall directly to the ground,
but rather follow a course determined by the atmospheric currents
(winds) through which the objects pass. Scientists are able to calculate potential trajectories for hypothetical dark
objects derived from meteors using data from weather monitoring services.
Witness reports can help astronomers to understand these events. If you
witness a fireball-type meteor over the US you can report it to the American Meteor Society here.
See also...
