The GeoNet project,
which monitors quakes in New Zealand, recorded a Magnitude 7.4
Earthquake at a depth of 33km, about 530 km to the northeast of North Island and about 300 km south of the Kermadec Islands, slightly before 0.50 am New
Zealand Time on Friday 19 June 2020 (slightly before 12.50 pm on Thursday 18 June GMT).
There are no reports of any damage or casualties associated with this
event, but it was felt across much of New Zealand.
The approximate location of the 19 June 2020 Kermadec Earthquake. USGS.
New
Zealand is located on the boundary beneath the Australian and Pacific
Plates. Beneath the islands the Pacific Plate is being subducted beneath
the Australian Plate. This causes a great deal of friction which causes
Earthquakes where the boundary between the two plates is close to the
surface; this is to the east of North Island, but onshore on South
Island, where it can lead to strong Earthquakes. Technically such quakes also occur where the
plate margin is deeper, but these are felt less strongly as the rocks
between the boundary and the surface absorb much of the energy, making
strong tremors much less frequent on North Island. As the Pacific Plate
sinks deeper into the Earth it is partially melted by the friction and
the heat of the planet's interior. Some of the melted material then
rises through the overlying Australian Plate, fuelling the volcanoes of
New Zealand.
Witness
reports of Earthquakes can help scientists to understand these events,
and the underlying geologic processes that cause them. If you have felt an Earthquake in New Zealand then you can report it to the GeoNet here.
See also...
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