The British Geological Survey recorded a Magnitude 1.8 Earthquake at a depth of 4 km beneath the village of Cadrona in the Scottish Borders, roughly 5 km east of Peebles and 30 km south of Edinburgh slightly before 2.20 am British Summertime (slightly before 1.20 am GMT) on Saturday 31 August 2013. This is not a large quake, and is unlikely to cause any damage or injuries, but people did report feeling it in Peebles.
The approximate location of the 31 August 2013 Cadrona Earthquake. Google Maps.
As a rough rule of thumb, when you travel further to the north and west in Great Britain Earthquakes become more frequent, making Scotland (in particular western Scotland) the most quake prone area of the country. The precise causes of British Earthquakes can be hard to determine, as the country is not close to any active plate boundary, but is subject to tectonic stresses from a number of different sources.
Scotland (along with the rest of Eurasia) is being pushed to the east by the expansion of the Atlantic Ocean and to the north by the impact of Africa into Europe from the South. Closer to home there are lesser centers of expansion beneath the North Sea, the Rhine Valley and the Bay of Biscay, all of which excerpt pressure on Scottish rocks. Finally there is glacial rebound; until about 10 000 years ago much of the UK was covered by a thick layer of ice, pushing the rocks of the lithosphere down into the underlying mantle; this ice is now gone and the rocks are (slowly) rebounding, causing the occasional Earthquake in the process.
Witness accounts of Earthquakes can help geologists to understand these events, and the structures that cause them. If you felt this quake, or were in the area but did not (which is also useful information) then you can report it to the British Geological Survey here.
See also Magnitude 2.7 Earthquake under Glen Lyon, Perth & Kinross, Magnitude 1.3 Earthquake of the Isle of the Isle of Arran, Earthquake on the Rinns of Islay, Earthquake on the Morvern Peninsula and Earthquake beneath Loch Maree.
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